How to use lvgl's lv_font_load to load a font file in bin format and display it on the screen;

You need to hook up your filesystem to LVGL in order for it to be used. https://docs.lvgl.io/latest/en/html/overview/file-system.html

If your development environment uses standard POSIX file functions (open, read, etc.) you can probably use the lv_fs_pc implementation in this repo.